All essential Linux commands for every user

Are you an amateur Linux operator or a system administrator using Linux to have your projects done? If so, you ought to regularly use a number of Linux commands and tools. Clearly, there are plenty of good sources available to refer to even though some are not comprehensive or straightforward enough. With this, I have spent ample time to find and compile plenty of essential and basic Linux commands for every user to be of our assistance whenever possible as a Linux commands reference and manual.

More than 100 essential Linux commands tested on Linux

A collection of basic Linux commands within 13 different categories namely package management, Linux management, file and directory management, etc.

All practical and standard Linux commands and their important options with straightforward descriptions.

To begin with, Linux and its distributions based on Debian and Fedora are used and can be seen in many companies to manage their servers and services. Since the Linux operating system in nature is command based to be utilized as much as possible, there are a plethora of standard commands and new ones to be released in the future. Therefore, it is quite difficult to memorize all of them for our day-to-day tasks and keep pace. However, to effectively operate the Linux distributions on servers, an operator, whether an amateur or a professional, needs to frequently employ and issue as many commands as needed to keep their servers and services seamlessly running. Considering this, this collection of Linux commands Has brought to existence to be of handy assistance to you.

Packages management
apt-get update	Updating the repository of packages in Linux
apt-get install application name	Debian base of installing an application
yum install application name	Redhat base of installing an application
apt-cache search application name	Finding one application from the repository of packages
apt-get –purge remove application name	Removing a service
Help / manual
man -k keywords	Finding all the similar commands for a keyword
man command / application /word + enter	Opening the Manual page of every command Search a specific word in the man page
command –help	Providing information about a command
whatis command	Explaining what a command is about
Linux management
shutdown -r now	Restarting a computer
shutdown -h now shutdown 22:00	Shutting down a computer Shutting down in a specific time
pkill -KILL -u user	Logging out a user
hostnamectl set-hostname name	Changing the current hostname of Linux to a new one
uname –a	Providing the brief info about the Linux on a machine
Hardware management
lshw	Display the detailed information of hardware configuration
Dmidecode –t system	Retrieve useful information of a system’s hardware components
Dmidecode –t processor	Retrieve information of a system’s CPU
Dmidecode –t bios	Retrieve information of a system’s Bios
File and directory management
df –h	showing the disk space for each filesystem
du -h directory address	Showing the disk size each directory uses
cat address file	Showing the content of a file
Nano file name.format Vim file name.format cat > file name.format cat >> file name.format Touch file name	Create a file with a specific format such as .txt by nano Create a file with a specific format such as .txt by vim Create a file, enter info > press Ctrl + c to save and exist Create a file, enter info after the last info > ctrl + c to save and exist Creating a file without any content
Locate -b file address *Locate .html** Find -name text	Finding the location of a file Finding all the file with a specific file format Finding a file with its name(s) that matches the pattern inside * *
ls echo * ls -a ‘ ls -al *ls -ap \| egrep ^\../$ ls -ap \| grep -v / \| egrep ^\.**	Showing all files and directories (Ends with /) except hidden ones Showing all directories except hidden ones Showing all files and directories besides hidden ones (. Name) Showing all files and directories besides hidden ones with details Showing only hidden directories in a current directory Showing only hidden files in a current directory
ls -l directory / file address	Showing the detailed info and permissions of files & directories
chown user file address	Changing the owner of a file
chgrp group directory / file address	Changing the group ownership of a directory
chmod u= — (rwx) address of a file or directory chmod u+ — (rwx) chmod u- — (rwx) chmod g= — (rwx) chmod o= — (rwx) chmod 777 address of a file or directory chmod 755 address of a file or directory	Changing the permission of file or directory + add permission to existing ones – remove the existing permisiion = set new permision and remove others u = user / g = group / o = others r = read / w = write / x = execute u / g / o: — = r (4) + w (2) + x (1) Setting rwx (4+2+1) permission (full access) on a file or directory for user (owner), group and world Setting rwx (4+2+1) permission (full access) for user, rx (4+1) for group and world on a file or directory.
mkdir name of directory mkdir .name of directory	Creating a directory Creating a hidden directory
mv address/file1 address/file2	Renaming 1 to 2 and move
cp source file destination address	Copying a file
cp -r directory name destination address	Copying a directory
rm file name	Removing a file
rm -r directory name (in the current directory)	Removing a directory
rm -d directory name	Removing empty directory
wc -w file	Word count
gzip -K file address	Compressing a file and keep the original file
diff file1 file2	Comparing two files and show the differences
stat file name	Showing the detailed status of a file

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How to use the compilation of Essential Linux commands?

To make the most of Essential Linux commands, this digital file has its guideline to be followed. As such, all the provided commands are in black color with their standard form followed by their needed options based on their purposes in red color. Further, if necessary, some commands need a file or directory name and/or an address of a file or a directory which are in gray color. Last but not least, some commands require root privilege to run. To use root privilege, su – has to be issued only if you have the password of the root of a Linux.

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Ebook	Essential Linux commands
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Page	18 pages
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